نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار گروه روابط بین الملل، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
چکیده
برنامه «همکاری اقتصادی منطقهای آسیای مرکزی» موسوم به کارک یک گردهمآیی منطقهای با حضور 11 کشور از آسیای مرکزی، جنوب آسیا، قفقاز جنوبی و چین است که در سال 2001 از سوی بانک توسعه آسیایی تأسیس شد و دستاوردهای قابل ملاحظهای را در همکاری اقتصادی منطقهای بهویژه در چهار حیطه دارای اولویت «حمل ونقل، انرژی، تسهیل تجارت و خطمشی تجاری» به ثبت رسانده است. کارک از طریق برنامه کار انرژی در صدد است با تدوین راهبردها و طرحهایی در زمینه مشارکت آسیای مرکزی-جنوب آسیا و درون آسیای مرکزی، امنیت انرژی منطقه را ارتقا بخشد. با اینهمه، کارک برای نیل به این هدف با چالشهایی مواجه است که بخش عمدهای از آنها به خود این ابتکار بازمیگردد. مقاله حاضر نیز درپی یافتن پاسخی برای این پرسش است که «آیا برنامه کار انرژی کارک، ظرفیت ارتقای امنیت انرژی در آسیای مرکزی را دارد و چرا؟» فرضیه آغازین مقاله این بوده است که «کارک، اگرچه مهمترین ابتکار منطقهای برای توسعه سطح امنیت انرژی در آسیای مرکزی محسوب میشود، اما به دلایلی همچون در اولویت قراردادن طرحهای دوجانبه/چندجانبه درعوض طرحهای منطقهای همهجانبه؛ تمرکز بر سودآوری برای سرمایهگذاران بهجای انتقال فناوری به درون منطقه؛ و عدم تثبیت بهمثابه موجودیتی حقیقتا منطقهای و مستقر در منطقه آسیای مرکزی از ظرفیت بالایی برای ارتقای امنیت انرژی در آسیای مرکزی برخوردار نیست». یافته های مقاله نیز که به شیوه توصیفی-تحلیلی و با روش اسنادی-کتابخانه ای انجام پذیرفته است، نشان از صدق این فرضیه دارد.
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