نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
دانش آموخته دکتری روابط بین الملل دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رفسنجان
چکیده
مسأله مهاجرت برای روسیه یک انتخاب نیست، بلکه برای حفظ جمعیت و نیروی کار این کشور ضروری است. با این همه، سیاست مهاجرت روسیه فراگیر و یکپارچه نیست و با مشکل اصلی فقدان بیان صریح اهداف آن مواجه است. علاوه بر این، مهاجرین خارجی اغلب نه تنها در معرض اتهام سلب منافع اجتماعی-اقتصادی شهروندان بومی روسیه قرار دارند، بلکه همچنین به عنوان تهدیدی برای همگونی فرهنگی و قومی جامعه و هویت ملی این کشور نیز تلقی می‌شوند. مقاله حاضر پدیده مهاجرت را هم از منظر رقابتهای اقتصادی و هم از چشم انداز ملی گرایی، هویت ملی و تعصبات قومی مورد ارزیابی قرار داده است. پرسش اصلی مقاله این است که «دلیل اصلی مخالفت عمومی اقوام عمده روسیه و به ویژه روسها با مهاجرت گسترده به روسیه چیست؟» و این فرضیه به آزمون گذشته شده است که «دلیل اصلی مخالفت عمومی در روسیه با مهاجرت گسترده به این کشور، نه تعصبات نژادی و قومی بلکه ترس از عدم سازگاری مهاجرین با فرهنگ و ارزشهای جامعه روسیه است». در همین راستا، چارچوب مفهومی پژوهش به تبیین نظری منابع احساسات ضد مهاجرتی از طریق مرور ادبیات پژوهشی پیرامون موضوع اختصاص یافته است. یافته های مقاله نیز که از نوع کتابخانه ای بوده و از روش توصیفی-تحلیلی بهره برده است، مؤید فرضیه مقاله است.
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