‍Central Asia and The Caucasus Journal

Taliban Second Rule: Human Rights and America's Responsibility

Fatemeh Mohammadi

Volume 28, Issue 117 , June 2022, Pages 3-24

Abstract

Afghanistan , as an example of multi-ethnic , multi-racial, multi-lingual , multi-religious, multi-historic and multi-geographical countries has witnessed Taliban’s ... Read More

United Nations Performance in Afghanistan Crisis (1979-2021): Legal and Political Measures

Arezou Ravansetan; Nozar Shafiee

Volume 28, Issue 117 , June 2022, Pages 25-48

Abstract

The purpose of this research is examination and analysis of the UN performance in settling the Afghanistan crisis from 1979 to the end of 2021 which has been conducted using the descriptive ... Read More

The Evolution of Offense-Defense Equation of Russia and Iran

Sakineh Hashemi; Mohammad Tohidfam; Ahmad Bakhshayesh Ardestani

Volume 28, Issue 117 , June 2022, Pages 49-70

Abstract

Expansion of NATO and the EU to the East created an atmosphere of strategic uncertainty in Western government relations with Russia, at the cost of intensification of security issue ... Read More

Iran and Shanghai Cooperation Organization: Geopolitics and Eurasian Identity

Masoud Hamyani; Seyed mohammad kazem Sajjadpour

Volume 28, Issue 117 , June 2022, Pages 71-98

Abstract

Following the emergence of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization as an influential regional organization in the expanse of Eurasia in the early 21st century, Tehran has aptly recognized ... Read More Following the emergence of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization as an influential regional organization in the expanse of Eurasia in the early 21st century, Tehran has aptly recognized this mechanism for spread of multilaterism, creation of a Eurasian order, and the connection of the country’s economy with the nonwestern capital and technology markets. On the other side, it has been for long that the Shanghai leaders have come to this conclusion that introducing new governments, both as permanent members and supervising members and participation in the talks, broadens not only the borders of the organization, but also helps alleviate criticisms concerning the limited scope of activities of the organization and increase its effectiveness. As a result, the founding members agreed to Iran full membership process at the 21st session of the organization, after Iran’s 15 years of waiting. The present paper intends to answer the key question below: What does Tehran full member mean, among the current geopolitical changes in Eurasia? And what role can Tehran play in completing the organization in integrating Eurasia? Based on the Constructivism Theory and Social Construct of regions, the findings of this research show, using the qualitative method and Inter-minded Horizon , that in a long term look , the Shanghai Organization provides a significant mechanism for achieving some goals of foreign policy , especially for the “Look to East” policy of Tehran. Full membership, also facilitates active participation of Tehran in shaping the security and economic status of the region. Tehran, in its turn , can play a major role in formulating and completing the Shanghai Organization, because Iran’s regional interests arise from the country’s goals in creating a Eurasian Society and preventing the region from becoming a hotbed of terrorism and extremism; using the country’s geo-economic capacities for creating a bridge between Asia and Europe, as well as Iran’s position as a hub of trade and connecting roads in the region , is compliant with the Shanghai Organization’s goals.

Iran and Russia in the Caspian Sea: Legal Regime and Cooperation

Ali Tiztak; hamid Ahmadi

Volume 28, Issue 117 , June 2022, Pages 99-126

Abstract

The collapse of the former Soviet Union, drew the Caspian Sea region out from a pure and calm strategic region and created numerous geopolitical opportunities and challenges for Iran ... Read More The collapse of the former Soviet Union, drew the Caspian Sea region out from a pure and calm strategic region and created numerous geopolitical opportunities and challenges for Iran and Russia. This fundamental development caused change in the surrounding Caspian Sea’s political borders and impacted on the legal status of the sea. Iran and Russia’s policies and approaches towards the Caspian Sea legal status fundamentally altered, as well. At the same time, with the emergence of differences of opinions and views among the coastal countries on the legal status and the way to exploit the Caspian Sea resources, there was created a fertile bed for presence and interference of big and extra-regional countries in the Caspian Sea. Under such circumstances, Iran/Russia policy alignment for managing the legal status developments of the Caspian Sea and preventing it from becoming a new hotbed of tensions , as well as, nearing together the opinions and positions of the other coastal countries has been crucial. The pivotal and main question of the present article is what impact Iran and Russia policies toward the legal status of the Caspian Sea can have on the expansion of penta-lateral cooperation among the Caspian Sea coastal countries. In the present paper this question is put to test whether Iran/Russia policies towards the Caspian Sea legal system- apart from the negative historical mindsets between the two countries- due to reasons like geographical continuity, regional requirements, joint destiny and the Caspian Sea vulnerability resulting from presence of the big powers, and concerns about emergence of instability and insecurity in the Caspian Sea, have been more convergent and led to strengthening of cooperation and conclusion of various documents of penta-lateral cooperation among the coastal countries. The present paper is of the Analytical-Descriptive type and the method used is inferential and the data has been analyzed using library and Internet sources.

The New Silk Road Triangle: China, Russia and Europe

Arash Reisinezhad; Mostafa Boushehri

Volume 28, Issue 117 , June 2022, Pages 127-152

Abstract

The New Silk Road as the most ambitious macro-project in the current time is the sign and symbol of China’s power projection beyond its borders. Two lanes of the six lanes of ... Read More

‍Central Asia and The Caucasus Journal

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Volume & Issue: Volume 28, Issue 117, June 2022, Pages 3-151

Taliban Second Rule: Human Rights and America's Responsibility

Abstract

United Nations Performance in Afghanistan Crisis (1979-2021): Legal and Political Measures

Abstract

The Evolution of Offense-Defense Equation of Russia and Iran

Abstract

Iran and Shanghai Cooperation Organization: Geopolitics and Eurasian Identity

Abstract

Iran and Russia in the Caspian Sea: Legal Regime and Cooperation

Abstract

The New Silk Road Triangle: China, Russia and Europe

Abstract