‍Central Asia and The Caucasus Journal

Relations between the Russian Federation and European Populist far-right Parties; Roots and Consequences

Elaheh Kolaee; Ali Reza Samoudi pilehroud

Volume 26, Issue 110 , September 2021, , Pages 173-201

https://doi.org/DOR:20.1001.1.23223766.1399.26.2.6.7

Abstract

Although after the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991 and its weakening in the international arena, relations between Russia and the West did not face much tension, and even ... Read More Although after the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991 and its weakening in the international arena, relations between Russia and the West did not face much tension, and even cooperation between the two sides was established, gradually, and especially when Putin took office, Russian-Western relations have been strained. The turning point in changing Russians' view on the West was in 2004, when a series of color revolutions took place in the former Soviet republics. To Moscow, color revolutions were carried out with the help of the West or the US with the aim of creating a color revolution in Russia itself. For the Russian ruling elites, these actions marked the end of the cooperation between the mainstream politicians in the West and Russia, and an important moment in turning Russia's look away from the West and intensifying anti-Western sentiment in Russia. Since then, Russia sought to cement its position in the international system and weaken Western structures, especially the EU. To strengthen its influence in Europe, Moscow uses various tools to weaken the EU. In recent years, Russia has managed to promote Russophilia and Euroscepticism, that are two sides of the same coin. Russia's policy is attractive to parties and countries which see themselves as victims of the European Union. Russia hopes that the rise of right-wing parties in European countries will weaken liberal democracy structures. In recent years, challenging the security structures in the West and undermining the cohesion of the EU, have been the central goal of Russia's foreign policy. The main question is that "what are the main aims of Russia in strengthening its relations with European far right parties?" The hypothesis is that "Russia's main foreign policy is to challenge the Western security structures and Moscow hopes the rise of right-wing parties in European countries will undermine the Western liberal narrative and weaken the liberal democracy structure especially the EUs’". Using explanatory- analytical research method, the author attempts to find an answer to the article's question.

The Role of Russia in Iran's Economic Cooperation With the South Caucasus (2014-2019)

Elaheh Koolaee; Ali Akbar Jowkar

Volume 26, Issue 112 , March 2021, , Pages 93-116

Abstract

Since the independence of the three South Caucasus countries (Armenia, Azerbaijan Republic and Georgia) in 1991, the Islamic Republic of Iran has tried to have constructive relations ... Read More Since the independence of the three South Caucasus countries (Armenia, Azerbaijan Republic and Georgia) in 1991, the Islamic Republic of Iran has tried to have constructive relations with the mentioned countries in various fields by adopting a balanced policy. From Iran's perspective, the importance of the South Caucasus, in addition to its historical and cultural commonalities, lies in its neighborhood status and high potential for economic cooperation. However, due to the impact of technical and geopolitical factors, the economic relations between Iran and these countries, despite their great potential and advantages, have never reached its desired point. Although, US and UN sanctions against Iran have been a major obstacle to expanding Iran's economic cooperation with its neighbors, at the same time Russia's move to impose some restrictions on regional rivals, especially in the energy sector, and its impact on Iran's economic cooperation with the South Caucasus cannot be ignored. With the onset of the Ukraine crisis in 2014 and escalating tensions with Europe and the United States that led to widespread sanctions against Russia, Moscow has turned its attention to cooperation with Eurasia and its neighbors.On the other hand, Iran's nuclear deal with the P5 + 1 in 2015 and the lifting of UN sanctions paved the way for improving cooperation between Iran and its neighbors, including Russia and the South Caucasus. Accordingly, given the variable of Russia as the most important player in the South Caucasus, the authors seek to answer the following questions: Has the change in Russia's approach to regional cooperation with neighbors since 2014 affected Iran's economic relations with the South Caucasus? And if so, what was the effect? The authors argue that,Russia has played a positive role in strengthening Iran's economic cooperation with the three countries of the South Caucasus. Using the explanatory and analytical method, the developments in the relations between Iran and the countries of the South Caucasus from 2014 to 2019 are examined according to the Russian factor. a

Iran’s Science Diplomacy in its Relations with Armenia

Elaheh Kolaee; Seyed Mehdi Hosseini Taghiabad

Volume 25, Issue 108 , March 2020, , Pages 170-197

Abstract

Science diplomacy has gained increasing importance in the field of international relations in the light of the rapid growth and increasing role of knowledge and technology in human ... Read More

De-Securitization in Central Asia: Causes and Contexts

Elahe koolaee; Vali Kouzehgar Kaleji

Volume 25, Issue 106 , August 2019, , Pages 121-157

Abstract

Central Asia has been characterized by some regional disputes and tensions including the securitization of border and territorial disputes, water and environment issues, ... Read More

‍Central Asia and The Caucasus Journal

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Author = Elaheh Koolaee

Relations between the Russian Federation and European Populist far-right Parties; Roots and Consequences

Abstract

The Role of Russia in Iran's Economic Cooperation With the South Caucasus (2014-2019)

Abstract

Iran’s Science Diplomacy in its Relations with Armenia

Abstract

De-Securitization in Central Asia: Causes and Contexts

Abstract