Document Type : Research Paper
Abstract
Ukraine crisis and the application of sanctions against Russia by the US and the EU as a result of this crisis is the first experience of multilateral sanctions against Russia after the Cold War. This study addresses the mechanism of sanctions against Russia. The research tries to answer the following question: What are the mechanism of sanctions against Russia? To answer this question, the following hypothesis is designed: mechanism of the sanctions that are imposed against Russia in the form of a multilateral regime, involves substantive, decision making, implementation and monitoring parts.
In substantive part, two political principles are studied as the basis of multilateral sanctions against Russia: First, US efforts to maintain its hegemonic position against recreate of the Soviet Union in the form of the Eurasian Union; second, EU efforts to maintain European order against Russian’s interventionism. From a decision making perspective, decision-making institutions in the US, including the executive and the Congress have been studied. In the European Union, similarly, the role of European council and European commission are studied as well as the documents, which give the authority to make decisions on sanctions. Finally, from an executive perspective, the Department of Treasury, the Department of State, the Office of Foreign Assets Control, and the Department of Energy in the US and the European commission in European Union are scrutinized.
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