The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) was established in 2001 with the priority of security and political cooperation. China, as the main founder of the organization, follows various goals, including regional development and security, pursuing the goals of the Belt and Road Initiative, and laying the groundwork for the new world order by confronting unilateralism. This article, based on the theory of institutional balancing, considers the Shanghai Organization as an appropriate tool for achieving China's goals and, in addition to these goals, investigates the impact of recent international changes, including the situation in Afghanistan, the war in Ukraine, and the escalation of China's confrontation with the United States, on the position of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in the foreign policy of China and concludes that the mentioned factors have strengthened the position of the organization in the eyes of Chinese policymakers. To realize its goals and interests through the organization, China is facing challenges such as the lack of internal disunity within the Organization and fundamental conflicts with the other member states, the resolution of which requires thorough planning and adopting a suitable approach. The Descriptive Analysis method and library and internet data have been used in writing the article.