نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری روابط بین الملل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی
2 استاد علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی
3 استادیار روابط بین الملل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی
چکیده
وجود میزان قابل‌توجهی از وابستگی متقابل نامتقارن در مناسبات انرژی روسیه-اتحادیه اروپایی به نگرانی غرب در خصوص تبدیل منابع انرژی روسیه به سرمایه سیاسی و بهره گیری کرملین از اهرم انرژی برای نفوذ در خارج نزدیک و اروپا، دامن زده است. در عین حال، اتحادیه اروپایی که از مدتها پیش با پیامدهای سیاسی بالقوه وابستگی به انرژی روسیه، دست و پنجه نرم می کند در محیط امنیتی پس از بحران 2014 اوکراین و وضع تحریم های یکجانبه ایالات متحده علیه بخش انرژی روسیه با چالش های جدیدی در تأمین امنیت انرژی اعضای خود مواجه شده است. مقاله حاضر با ترکیب این دو نگرانی و چالش به دنبال پاسخی مناسب برای این پرسش برآمده است که «استفاده روسیه از اهرم صادارت گاز برای کسب نفوذ و پیشبرد اهداف و منافع خود در اروپا در پی تحریم های غرب علیه این کشور از سال 2014 به بعد، چه تغییری کرده است؟» فرضیه مقاله نیز این است، «اگرچه تحریم های غرب به کاهش ورود سرمایه و فناوری خارجی به بخش انرژی این کشور از سال 2014 به بعد منجر شده، اما نیاز اتحادیه اروپایی به واردات گاز از روسیه طی این مدت افزایش یافته و از این رو، تحریم ها در مجموع تأثیر چشمگیری بر کارکرد سلاح انرژی روسیه در برابر اروپا نداشته است». نوع پژوهش در این مقاله توصیفی-تحلیلی بوده و از روش شناسی استنباطی استفاده شده است.
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